By Hand:
Stir together the flour, salt, and sugar in a medium bowl. Add the cold butter and work the butter into the flour with your fingers or a pastry blender until the butter is pea-sized and the mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Add 3 tablespoons of the ice water 1 tablespoon at a time, sprinkling it over the dough and stirring it into the flour. Pinch some of the dough together in your hand; if it holds together well, no more water is needed. If it is still dry and crumbly, add more water, 1 tablespoon at a time. Turn the dough onto the counter and fold it over itself a couple times (do not overwork).
By Mixer:
Combine the flour, salt, and sugar in the bowl of a mixer fitted with the paddle attachment and blend at low speed to mix. Add the cold butter and mix on low until the mixture looks coarse and crumbly. Make sure butter is combined evenly, using a rubber spatula to scrape along the sides and bottom, mixing a bit more if needed. With the mixer on low, add 3 tablespoons of the ice water all at once and mix until it begins to hold together. Pinch some of the dough together in your hand; if it holds together well, no more water is needed. If it is still dry and crumbly, add more water, 1 tablespoon at a time. Turn the dough onto the counter and fold it over itself a couple times (do not overwork).
By Food Processor:
Combine the flour, salt, and sugar in the bowl of a food processor fitted with the metal blade and pulse to mix. Take the top off and scatter the cold butter chunks over the flour mixture. Pulse a few times until the butter is pea-sized and the mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Drizzle 3 tablespoons of the ice water evenly over the flour and pulse a few times until the dough begins to clump into small balls. Open the lid and try to press the dough together. If it will not stick together when pressed, add more of the water 1 tablespoon at a time and pulse a few more times until it clumps together when pressed (the dough shouldn’t form a ball in the food processor, which risks overworking it). Turn the dough onto the counter and fold it over itself a couple times (do not overwork).
Resting and Rolling:
Form the dough into a disc about 3/4-inch thick and 4 to 5 inches in diameter. Wrap with plastic wrap and refrigerate to rest for at least 30 minutes before using. If not using the dough within 48 hours, double wrap it with plastic wrap and freeze for up to 1 month. Defrost by thawing in the refrigerator at least 24 hours before rolling out.
Roll out the pie dough into a circle about 14 inches across. Gently line a pie pan with the dough, either folding it in half or rolling it around the rolling pin to transport. Center it in the dish and gently but firmly press it into the bottom edge. Trim excess overhang if needed. Flute the edges and chill in the refrigerator while preparing the filling and crumble topping.